1. 细胞的基础信息

2. 细胞常见的研究有哪些？

a) 研究肿瘤细胞的生物学特性

b) 药物筛选及癌症治疗的研发

c) 癌变机理研究及抗癌药筛选检测

d) 建立细胞模型

3. 细胞相关的文献有哪些？

[1] 黄雨晴, 高洪婷, 杨黎星, 陈秋霞, 王钰铖, 鞠瑞, 郭磊. 羧胺三唑乳清酸盐抑制小鼠胶质瘤细胞系GL261增殖及线粒体能量代谢[J]. 基础医学与临床, 2021, 41(7): 957-962.

（目的：探讨研究羧胺三唑乳清酸盐(CTO)对小鼠胶质瘤细胞系GL261增殖和凋亡的影响。方法：体外培养小鼠胶质瘤细胞系GL261,实验分为对照组和不同浓度CTO组，采用活细胞计数检测细胞增殖;采用碘化丙啶(PI)染色及流式细胞测量术检测各组GL261的细胞周期；采用annexinⅤ/PI双染色及流式细胞测量术检测各组GL261的细胞凋亡，并计算凋亡率；采用DCFH-DA染色及流式细胞测量术检测各组GL261细胞内活性氧(ROS)的含量；通过Seahorse生物能量仪检测各组GL261细胞的耗氧速率(OCR)；采用三磷酸腺苷(ATP)生物发光法检测各组GL261细胞内ATP的含量。结果：与对照组相比，CTO处理组中GL261活细胞数目明显较少，药物作用呈时间-剂量依赖性，20μmol/L CTO组GL261细胞S期比例明显升高(P＜0.05)；与对照组相比，CTO处理组中GL261细胞发生凋亡，药物作用呈时间-剂量依赖性，20μmol/L CTO组GL261细胞内的ROS含量也明显升高(P＜0.01)；与对照组相比，CTO处理组中GL261细胞内的OCR和ATP含量都明显降低(P＜0.01)。结论：CTO可以抑制小鼠胶质瘤细胞系GL261增殖,通过增加ROS的生成促进其凋亡；CTO能够损伤GL261细胞的线粒体呼吸，抑制线粒体中ATP的产生，达到抑制胶质瘤细胞生长的作用。）

[2] Sanchez VE, Lynes JP, Walbridge S, Wang X, Edwards NA, Nwankwo AK, Sur HP, Dominah GA, Obungu A, Adamstein N, Dagur PK, Maric D, Munasinghe J, Heiss JD, Nduom EK. GL261 luciferase-expressing cells elicit an anti-tumor immune response: an evaluation of murine glioma models. Sci Rep. 2020 Jul 3;10(1):11003. doi: 10.1038/s41598-020-67411-w. Erratum in: Sci Rep. 2022 Apr 4;12(1).

（Preclinical models that reliably recapitulate the immunosuppressive properties of human gliomas are essential to assess immune-based therapies. GL261 murine glioma cells are widely used as a syngeneic animal model of glioma, however, it has become common practice to transfect these cells with luciferase for fluorescent tumor tracking. The aim of this study was to compare the survival of mice injected with fluorescent or non-fluorescent GL261 cells and characterize the differences in their tumor microenvironment. Mice were intracranially implanted with GL261, GL261 Red-FLuc or GL261-Luc2 cells at varying doses. Cytokine profiles were evaluated by proteome microarray and Kaplan-Meier survival analysis was used to determine survival differences. Median survival for mice implanted with 5×104 GL261 cells was 18 to 21 days. The GL261 Red-FLuc implanted mice cells did not reach median survival at any tumor dose. Mice injected with 3×105 GL261-Luc2 cells reached median survival at 23 days. However, median survival was significantly prolonged to 37 days in mice implanted with 5×104 GL261-Luc2 cells. Additionally, proteomic analyses revealed significantly elevated inflammatory cytokines in the supernatants of the GL261 Red-FLuc cells and GL261-Luc2 cells. Our data suggest that GL261 Red-FLuc and GL261-Luc2 murine models elicit an anti-tumor immune response by increasing pro-inflammatory modulators.）